What It’s Like to Type 200 Words Per Minute

In the hands of Hunter Shaffer, the sentence you are reading right now would take seven or eight seconds to type. This entire article would be done in just over seven minutes, and a recent Sunday Styles print section of The New York Times would take about 86 minutes.

During a recent online competition, Mr. Shaffer and eight other competitive typists watched as numbers on the screen counted down and gave way to the word “Go.” A leaderboard showed the competitors’ progress, accuracy and words typed per minute.

It was over in about 60 seconds, but Mr. Shaffer’s performance gnawed at him. Normally he would have jockeyed for first place, but nerve problems in his left hand forced him to type one handed for a while.

Over several hours, Mr. Shaffer repeatedly finished just behind a teenager in the Philippines and a friend from Virginia, despite typing as fast 189 words per minute.

Competitive typing, which peaked in popularity in the first half of the 20th century before fizzling out, has found a new home online. A devoted community has developed around the hobby, which has become increasingly popular with teenagers and 20-somethings.

There are numerous typing websites, each with a slightly different flavor. Casual typing enthusiasts often land at 10FastFingers. Monkeytype allows users to customize the words or passages they type, such as lists of more difficult words or words the user has previously mistyped. One of the most popular, TypeRacer, displays cars on a track for each racing typist. Keymash is favored by many top-tier typists for its emphasis on competition.

Though it has a low-key profile today, competitive typing once carried more cachet.

“I didn’t realize that the typing championships were such a big deal in the first half of the 20th century, considering how small a deal they were when I was growing up,” Sean Wrona said.

Mr. Wrona, 37, of North Syracuse, N.Y., cut his teeth on primitive typing computer games in the 1990s but largely forgot about typing. In 2008, while he was a graduate student in applied statistics at Cornell University, a friend introduced him to a Facebook typing game. Mr. Wrona was surprised that he was one of the fastest people and soon received friend requests from around the world.

Mr. Wrona went on to win the Ultimate Typing Championship in 2010, a global contest sponsored by a keyboard manufacturer. He’s widely regarded in the typing community as the greatest typist of the modern era. Although he’d largely stepped away from competitive typing, Mr. Wrona decided to write a book on the subject and was surprised to learn typing contests emerged as early as the late 1880s and became popular in the 1920s.

Typewriter manufacturers, eager to test and market their wares, held well-funded and highly publicized typing competitions at venues such as Madison Square Garden. The events were usually tied to business conventions and drew thousands of spectators; some champions became celebrities and toured the country.

“This was a pretty massive thing that has almost been entirely forgotten,” Mr. Wrona said.

Competitive typing emerged online in the late 1990s. Noah Horn, a music professor at Williams College in Massachusetts, had no idea he was entering that world when, as a high school student, he joined a popular AOL game called Scrambler. The game presented scrambled words that users had to guess, type and send to a chat room as quickly as possible.

A few typing apps appeared in the late 2000s, but Mr. Horn said it wasn’t until 2008, when TypeRacer started, that the typing scene really took shape. Suddenly users could compete with each other in real time. Mr. Horn set an early record on TypeRacer of 212 words a minute that stood for over a year.

Quirky? More like QWERTY

Mr. Shaffer, 24, of Parish, N.Y., was home-schooled with his two brothers and stumbled on an early typing website a decade ago. He discovered he was faster than his siblings and signed up for other typing websites.

Born with a brittle bone disorder that caused hundreds of broken bones and an opiate dependence to manage the pain, Mr. Shaffer found that even when one arm was in a cast he could still type fast enough one handed to beat average typists. When able to use both hands, he excelled. His score on the 10FastFingers all-time 60-second test leaderboard — 227 words per minute — is still in the top 10.

Mr. Shaffer said his speed comes, in part, from his excellent memory. Most typing websites briefly show the words to be typed before the race starts. By memorizing them, Mr. Shaffer said he can type faster.

“I think a lot of it also has to do with the curvature of my arms,” he said. “It helped with my typing early on and still does.”

Mr. Shaffer types from a wheelchair and on a laptop. His arms are curved because of repeated broken bones. In 2014, his left forearm was surgically straightened. His left hand hasn’t moved as quickly since, and he said he hasn’t had his right arm repaired over concerns that surgery could cause nerve damage.

Emre Aydin, 21, of Leicester, England, is a computer science student at the University of Warwick. He said that like many others he was drawn to typing by his competitive nature.

“Because of the way the online typing websites are structured, if you have a competitive spirit you want to keep winning,” he said. “Two hours can fly by really quickly if you’re that type of person.”

When he was about 9, his teachers noticed he was a fast typist despite not having had lessons. Mr. Aydin wondered if he could become even faster and searched for typing websites to help. During his teen years he practiced typing during lunch and after school.

Mr. Aydin slowly improved until he reached upward of 200 words a minute. In a global typing championship in 2020 he hoped to place in the top 10 but surprised himself by coming in third. His interest in typing waned and, except for the occasional tournament, he mostly moved on to other hobbies such as gaming and skateboarding.

‘It’s Kind of Like a Sport’

Many of the fastest typists discovered early that they were naturally quick on a keyboard, but whether competitive typing requires skill or merely a lot of practice remains a question.

“Natural talent is a really hotly debated topic in the typing community,” Ardian Peach said.

Mr. Peach, 19, of Dumfries, Va., believes anyone can become fast with enough practice. After all, Mr. Peach, who hadn’t learned to type properly, was in a middle school computer science class when he first took a typing test and ended up at 100 words a minute (40 words per minute is the average for noncompetitive typists).

When he was 15, Mr. Peach found TypeRacer, taught himself to type using all his fingers and increased his speed, reaching 150 words per minute. But he eventually plateaued and, assuming he’d reached his limit, began practicing less.

A couple of years later, he read a book espousing the benefits of deliberate practice and decided he hadn’t been practicing efficiently. He eventually reached a speed of more than 200 words per minute.

Competitive typing may have become more popular in recent years, in part because of the online messaging platform Discord, which offers a simple, convenient way for users to communicate with other typists. But it remains a niche hobby with a tight-knit community.

Kathy Chiang, 29, who lives in Los Angeles, picked up on the uniqueness of the typing community almost immediately, partly because of her career in gaming.

“It’s really interesting to stumble upon a community like that that I hadn’t been aware of at all,” she said.

An avid video gamer since childhood, Ms. Chiang was studying computer game science at the University of California at Irvine when a co-worker noticed how fast she typed and encouraged her to test herself on a typing website. Ms. Chiang became hooked.

In addition to being one of the fastest typists, she discovered she was one of the few women in the community, but said she was generally welcomed.

Although she eventually withdrew from competitive typing because of wrist injuries, Ms. Chiang said she found the typing community to be a friendlier and less serious environment than the gaming community. Part of that could be because of competitive typing’s relatively small reach.

“So, it’s kind of like a sport or an esport or a video game in the really early stages where everyone feels like they’re part of this grass-roots movement,” she said. “It seems like this special thing that some people want to keep secret and special and tight-knit.”